How Cloud Computing Works?
Cloud Computing working
First, you have
to know what cloud computing is to understand the advantages of
this new way of providing computing resources in the cloud. Second, you
have to understand the different types of cloud offerings, including infrastructure
as a service (IaaS),platform
as a service (PaaS), software
as a service (SaaS)
and business
process as a service (BPaaS).
Each service is built on top of the other.
Now, how
does it work? The Cloud
Computing Reference Architecture (CCRA) is a great place to start. I don’t
mean that the CCRA is the Holy Grail and should always be fully applied, but it
gives you material to design your own solution and understand the architecture.
You can find some questions and answers in this article: “What is CCRA?” You can read another good
article about CCRA here.
The CCRA
defines multiple components, and each component fulfills a given functionality.
The
first building block is the infrastructure where the cloud will be implemented.
Some people make the assumption that environment should be virtualized, but as
cloud is a way to request resources in an on-demand way and if you have
solutions to provide on bare metal, then why not? The infrastructure will
support the different types of cloud (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, BPaaS).
To be
able to provide these services you will need Operating System Services (OSS),
which will be in charge of deploying the requested service, and Business System
Services (BSS), mainly used to validate the request and create the invoice for
the requested services. Any metrics could be used to create the invoice (for
example, number of users, number of CPUs, memory, usage hours/month). It is
very flexible and depends on the service provider.
A cloud
computing environment will also need to provide interfaces and tools for the
service creators and users. This is the role of the Cloud Service Creator and
Cloud Service Consumer components.
Now,
let’s see how it works in reality.
Generally,
you log in to a portal (enterprise or public wise) and you order your services
through the Cloud Service Consumer. This service has been created by the cloud
service provider and can be a simple virtual machine (VM) based on an image,
some network components, an application service such as an WebApp environment
and a service such as MongoDB. It depends on the provider and type of resources
and services.
The
cloud provider will validate, through the BSS, your request and if the
validation is okay (credit card, contract), it will provision the request
through the OSS.
You will
receive, in one way or another, the credentials to access your requested
services and you will usually receive a monthly invoice for your consumption.
The goal of cloud computing is to apply traditional supercomputing,
or high-performance
computing power, normally used by military and research
facilities, to perform tens of trillions of computations per second, in
consumer-oriented applications such as financial portfolios, to deliver
personalized information, to provide data storage or to power large, immersive
online computer games.
To do this, cloud computing uses networks of
large groups of servers typically
running low-cost consumer PC technology with specialized connections to spread
data-processing chores across them. This shared IT infrastructure
contains large pools of systems that are linked together. Often, virtualization techniques
are used to maximize the power of cloud computing.
Cloud
Computing Standards
The standards
for connecting the computer systems and the software needed to make cloud
computing work are not fully defined at present time, leaving many companies to
define their own cloud computing technologies. Cloud computing systems
offered by companies, like IBM's
"Blue Cloud" technologies for example, are based on open standards
and open source software which
link together computers that are used to to deliver Web 2.0capabilities like mash-ups or mobile commerce.
Cloud Computing in the Data Center and for Small
Business
Cloud
computing has started to obtain mass appeal in corporate data centers as it
enables the data center to operate like the Internet through the process
of enabling computing resources to be accessed and shared as virtual
resources in a secure and scalable manner.
For a
small and medium size business (SMB), the
benefits of cloud computing is currently driving adoption. In the SMB sector
there is often a lack of time and financial resources to purchase, deploy and
maintain an infrastructure (e.g. the software, server and storage).
In cloud
computing, small businesses can access these resources and expand or shrink
services as business needs change. The common pay-as-you-go subscription
model is designed to let SMBs easily add or remove services and you typically
will only pay for what you do use.
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